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Congestive heart failure happens when the heart muscle begins to not pump blood as it should. Conditions of congestive heart failure, such as narrowed heart arteries or continuous high blood pressure, eventually weaken the heart and make it unable to pump the blood throughout the body. This will result in fluid retention in the heart and lungs.
Irregular or abnormal heart rhythms may occur due to heart damage and changes in heart muscle. Diseases of the heart muscle can also cause the heart to become large and thick. CHF advances the development of atrial arrhythmias, specifically atrial fibrillation, and atrial flutter. These two arrhythmias can make the heart’s left ventricle not work properly or exacerbate the problem.
Due to fluids collecting in digestive organs, the patient may feel full and bloated. This could cause appetite loss and weight loss. Smaller, more frequent meals can help remedy.
The patient may feel they are sleeping too much or not getting enough sleep because of fatigue. This can happen from organs not getting enough oxygen. Also, symptoms such as shortness of breath or pain may keep the patient awake when they would usually be sleeping.
As time goes on, there may feel a physical decline as the symptoms continue:
The hospice team will work with your healthcare team with medication adjustments and other comfort methods to help the patient be as comfortable as possible.
You may notice an inability to perform regular activities as time goes on. You may notice functional declines in:
The patient’s body may no longer respond to medications such as vasodilators. Vasodilators are medications that open blood vessels.
The physician must document a life expectancy of six months or less. Documentation should include clinical findings such as signs and symptoms, lab results, and weights.
Heart failure is classified according to the severity of symptoms. The New York Heart Association Functional Classification has four classes:
Labored or difficult breathing can worsen, and previous relief methods may not lessen the difficulty and discomfort.
A cough may be a sign that the medication stopped working to prevent fluid buildup in lungs. It can also be a side effect of certain medications. This is a symptom to report to your physician for evaluation.
Impaired blood flow can cause excess fluid to collect in the legs, ankles, hands, face, and feet.
Changes in appetite may happen because of excess fluid, causing a feeling of bloating or a full sensation.
Decreased blood flow to the brain and abnormal levels of sodium in the blood can cause memory loss, disorientation, or confusion.
As fluid builds up in the lungs, it can interfere with breathing. The patient may begin waking up feeling breathless. This can result in feeling anxious and exhausted.
When the patient has:
Symptom management strategies are no longer working, and the patient has symptoms such as shortness of breath, even at rest.
Emergency room visits at least once in the past six months for CHF.
Taking care of a loved one with end-stage CHF can be extremely stressful. Hospice can provide respite care for the caregiver for a much-needed break.
Our hospice team guides families through the complicated problems, including medical care and financial concerns. We give the patient and their family emotional support and provide education to caregivers to help them care for their loved ones. Care is provided where the patient lives, which can be their home or a facility.
A social worker and nurse can help by listening and referring resources, such as a chaplain or continuous therapy.
Our team can provide comfort by listening to concerns. Physically, we assist with comfort measures such as teaching positioning techniques to relieve pain and make breathing easier.
Equipment and supplies such as hospital beds, walkers, and commodes are covered as related to the primary hospice diagnosis necessary to care for the patient.
Hospice helps the family by providing education to the caregivers to provide safe care at home and supports them as they prepare emotionally and mentally for the end of life of their loved one.
The hospice team can help with an advanced directive to make the hard decisions before the situation occurs. We can assist with appointing a healthcare proxy in a document called a durable power of attorney for healthcare. We also help the family and patient with insurance, legal documents, and other practical issues that may arise.
Respite care is a benefit of hospice available for up to five days. AT Home Hospice will care for your loved one to give you the much needed break you deserve.
Bereavement support and counseling are made available for caregivers and families.
Speak with your doctor about when to begin hospice care.
Now more than ever, it is imperative to manage serious conditions in the comfort of a patient’s home. Physicians, patients, and families can all agree that a caring and competent team is needed for optimal patient care. Under this joint effort, patient outcomes improve and overall healthcare costs lower for patients, specifically those experiencing congestive heart failure (CHF).
Making decisions for a loved one with heart failure can be difficult. You want the best care for your loved one.
If you have some of these questions going through your mind, you are not alone.
The beauty of hospice care is that it does nothing to either hasten or postpone death. Instead, the focus is to provide the patient with the best quality of life, provide comfort measures, and ensure the patient is safe and pain-free. We can provide hospice care in the comfort of the patient’s home or at a compassionate facility, depending on their needs and preferences.
Congestive heart failure (CHF), also known as heart failure (HF), happens when the heart is no longer able to pump blood throughout the body adequately. There are several different reasons why the heart’s pumping efficiency becomes impaired:
At first, the heart may try to compensate, so it works harder to continue to meet the body’s demand. Eventually, the heart becomes damaged and overwhelmed due to the excessive demand on it to supply blood, oxygen, and nutrients to all vital organs and tissues. Heart failure soon begins to manifest itself.
Signs and symptoms that the patient may feel vary depending on how far along the disease has progressed. The New York Heart Association explains heart failure stages.
Heart failure is in the beginning stage. Patients may not be aware since they can perform physical activity without experiencing fatigue or shortness of breath on exertion.
Patients begin to notice a decline in their physical activity. This happens as they begin to experience increased:
But when at rest, they may feel no symptoms and feel comfortable.
Minimal and ordinary activities become more difficult to complete. Their decline in physical activity participation becomes more prominent as they continue to feel increased weakness, fatigue, increased heart rate, difficulty breathing, and chest pain. But again, when at rest, they may feel no symptoms and feel comfortable.
Patients can no longer complete physical activities and experience the classic signs and symptoms of heart failure (weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain) even while at rest.
Having peace of mind while living with heart failure is important. AT Home Care and Hospice strives to ensure that your loved one is competently taken care of through the disease process. Competent and skilled nurses perform routine assessments to accurately track the symptoms and administer treatments prescribed by the medical team.
Treating heart failure at home is definitely a team effort, involving the patient, their family or caregiver, and the medical team. Your healthcare team’s goal is to provide the patient and their families with the tools needed to prevent exacerbation and provide strategies to prevent a CHF crisis. Your loved one will feel more in control by implementing simple ways to track their symptoms.
Daily blood pressure monitoring is essential. Keeping blood pressure under control and in normal ranges will help the heart from over-exerting itself. Our expert nurses will teach the patient and family the implications of healthy blood pressure. They will also explain the normal parameters as recommended by the team of physicians.
When cardiac performance is deficient, this causes a decrease in cardiac output. In turn, this causes the kidneys to retain water and salt. This extra fluid can typically accumulate in the legs, ankles, feet, abdomen, and lungs. This increase in water retention causes an apparent weight increase. Thus, it is recommended that daily weights be completed and weight gain be closely monitored. Generally, any weight gain of more than 2-3 lbs a day or 4-5 lbs in five days means you should contact your nurse or physician.
Having a well-balanced diet is important. Incorporating fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is beneficial. However, the most important element to monitor in the diet is sodium (salt) intake. Sodium hides in many foods. Your doctor will tell you exactly how many milligrams to include in your diet. Remember, sodium attracts water. So, you want to avoid water from accumulating to ease the workload on your heart.
Managing your medications used to treat heart failure may cause some fear or anxiety. This may seem like a daunting task for a family caregiver as well. But be at peace knowing your healthcare team will provide expert medication management and education. There are things you should be aware of with medications. For example, diuretics (like Lasix), also known as water pills, help the body eliminate excess water in the tissue. As the diuretics do their job of taking out the unwanted water, it may also cause your body to get rid of essential electrolytes that your body needs for essential functions. Your hospice team will:
Research has indicated that good sleep habits affect heart health. Having a good night’s rest, with 7-8 hours of sleep per night, is important in the body receiving sleep benefits. As the body enters into the deep stage of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) stage, the body’s heart rate slows down, blood pressure decreases, and breathing becomes more stable. This becomes important in patients with heart failure because it can help reduce the heart’s workload.
Overall, getting adequate rest allows the body to recuperate. Thus, receiving hospice care at home is essential. This can eliminate frequent night interruptions that are more likely to happen if a patient is in a nursing home facility or a hospital setting.
Taking on the role of caregiver may be challenging, but it doesn’t have to overwhelm you. The caregiver is usually a close relative of the patient, who becomes an advocate for the patient, caretaker, and perhaps the person running the household chores and responsibilities. Having a reliable caregiver available is key. Your Hospice case manager will talk to you to offer support and ensure you have the adequate services available to fill in the gaps for when you need help. Some questions to ask yourself are:
We are here to support you every step of the way.
In-home hospice services bring benefits to the patient in the comfort of their home. Our hospice care team provides the following benefits:
Living with heart failure can be very difficult for patients psychologically, physically, and emotionally. These patients and their families have special needs that can only be met by caring clinical professionals and skilled nurses. Some reasons why more physicians are choosing to team up with AT Home Care and Hospice:
Staying at home with familiar surroundings is beneficial to the patients. Studies and surveys have demonstrated that patients receiving care at home are more at ease psychologically and emotionally.
Every patient is unique and may have different needs depending on their stage of the illness. Our team ensures that individualized care is provided and that personal attention is given to every patient.
Reducing cost is important. However, it becomes even more important for patients experiencing advanced heart failure to prevent exacerbations, leading to rehospitalization. Rehospitalizations debilitate the patient’s overall health and place them at risk for faster deterioration. Studies have shown that patients receiving healthcare at home have higher chances of avoiding complications.
Ever felt fearful of the unknown? What should you expect with a heart failure diagnosis? Education is key in alleviating fears and gaining clarity in understanding the nature of CHF.
Patients and their families can have peace of mind knowing We will provide them with an easy-to-follow educational program designed specifically for patients experiencing CHF. Key educational teaching points provided by the healthcare team:
Remember, you are not alone as you navigate through this process of advanced heart failure. AT Home Care and Hospice’s mission, along with our collaborating physicians, ensure that the best possible care is provided. Remember, you are the reason why physicians decide to collaborate with AT Home Care and Hospice. Your health and safety at home is a priority.
AT Home Care & Hospice is an established, full-service Virginia home health and hospice agency that provides a superior quality of services in a caring manner.